Mining the Gems: Individual Development
Articles and Readings

Compiled by: W. Huitt
Last Revised: November 2009

Return to:  | Index |

I.  Introduction (Part A)

Science, Religion, and Philosophy

• Agoshkova, E. (1998). Systems thinking in the twenty-first century. Paper presented at the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy, in Boston, MA, August 10-15. Retrieved September 2009, from http://web.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/TKno/TKnoAgos.htm
• Baumgartner, L. (2001). Four adult developmental theories and their implications for practice. Focus on Basics, 5(B). Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.ncsall.net/?id=268
• Clarken, R. (2002). Using educational principles from psychology and the world's religions to improve education. Paper presented at the Ninth International Literacy and Education Research Network Conference on Learning, Beijing, China, July 16-20, 2002. Retrieved September 2009, from  http://www-instruct.nmu.edu/education/rclarken/education/world-religion-improve-education.htm
• Grassie, W. (2005). Universal reason: Science, religion, and the foundations of civil societies. Paper presented at the Institute for Wisdom and Philosophy, Tehran, Iran, May 9. Retrieved December 2009, from http://www.grassie.net/articles/2005_universalreason.html
• Hefner, P. (2006). Religion and science--Two way traffic? Zygon: Journal of Religion & Science, 41(1).  Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.zygonjournal.org/editorial_6.html
• Johnson, W., Johnson, A., & McKenna, J. (1999). Science and religion at a crossroads: An educational perspective. Quodlibet Online Journal, 1(6). Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.quodlibet.net/johnson-science.shtml
• Myers, D. (2005). Psychological science meets the world of faith. APS Observer, 18(10). Retrieved September 2009, from http://psychologicalscience.org/observer/getArticle.cfm?id=1861

II.  Introduction (Part B)

Holistic Views of Development, Education, and Schooling

• Clarken, R. (2003, April). Knowing  loving and willing: Basic capacities for developing human potential. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www-instruct.nmu.edu/~rclarken/KNOWINGLOVINGANDWILLING-AERAPAP.DOC
• Clarken, R. (2004). Unfolding pattern of human development. Northern Michigan University. Retrieved September 2009, from  http://mediasite.nmu.edu/NMUMediasite/Viewer/?peid=d941d792ea654df7953119ca1c3456bb  
• Huitt, W. (2004, October 29). Becoming a Brilliant Star: An introduction. Presentation at the Forum for Integrated Education and Educational Reform sponsored by the Council for Global Integrative Education, Santa Cruz, CA. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/BrilStarintro-s.pdf
• Huitt, W. (2007). Success in the conceptual age. Paper presented at the 32^nd Annual Meeting of the Georgia Educational Research Association, October 26. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/conceptual-age-s.doc
• Stack, R. (2005, March 15). Introduction to integral theory: Part 1. HENT news, 13. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.hent.org/hent/hentnews/hentnews13.htm
• Stack, R. (2005, March 15). Introduction to integral theory: Part 2. HENT news, 14. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.hent.org/hent/hentnews/hentnews14.htm

III. Spiritual Development

• Amram, Y. (2007, August). The seven dimensions of spiritual intelligence: An ecumenical grounded theory. Paper presented at the 115th Annual Conference of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA. Retrieved September 2009, from  http://www.yosiamram.net/docs/7_Dimensions_of_SI_APA_confr_paper_Yosi_Amram.pdf
• Clarken, R. (2009). The role of spirituality and spiritual practices in education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Annual Meeting, San Diego, April 12-17. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www-instruct.nmu.edu/~rclarken/Papers/role%20of%20spirtualityt.htm
• Finke, R. (2003). Spiritual capital: Definitions, applications, and new frontiers. Bryn Mawr, PA: Metanexus Institute. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.metanexus.net/spiritual_capital/pdf/finke.pdf
• Huitt, W. (2000). The spiritual nature of a human being. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved September 2009, from, http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/topics/spiritual/spirit.html [Overview]
• Huitt, W., & Robbins, J. (2003). An introduction to spiritual development. Paper presented at the 11^th Annual Conference: Applied Psychology in Education, Mental Health, and Business, Valdosta, GA. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/spirituality.pdf [In-depth]
• Fowler, J. (2004, Fall). Faith development at 30: Naming the challenges of faith in a new millennium. Religious Education. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3783/is_200410/ai_n9470053/print
• Love, P. (2002, May/June). Comparing spiritual development and cognitive development. Journal of College Student Development. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3752/is_200205/ai_n9052568/print
• Wolfe, J. (2004, June). Teach, but don't preach: Practical guidelines for addressing spiritual concerns of students. Professional School Counseling. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0KOC/is_5_7/ai_n6121243

IV. Moral Character Development

• Clarken, R. (2006, July). Moral education in the time of global transformation. Paper presented at the Oxford Round Table, London, England. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www-instruct.nmu.edu/~rclarken/Papers/Moral Education in Time of Global Transformation pap.htm
• Clarken, R. (2009). Moral intelligence in schools. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Michigan Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, March 20. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www-instruct.nmu.edu/~rclarken/Papers/moral_intelligence_in_the_school.htm
• Kirschenbaum, H. (1992). A comprehensive model for values education and moral education. Phi Delta Kappan, 73(10), 77, 176. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.hi-ho.ne.jp/taku77/refer/kirsch.htm
• Murray, M. (2002). Moral development and moral education: An overview. In L. Nucci (Ed.),  Studies in Moral Development and Education. Chicago: University of Illinois at Chicago. Retrieved September 2009, from http://tigger.uic.edu/~lnucci/MoralEd/overview.html
• Narvaez, D. (2006). Integrative ethical education. In M. Killen & J. Smetana (Eds.), Handbook of Moral Development. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Retrieved September 2009, http://www.nd.edu/~dnarvaez/Narvaez%20HMD%2009.14.pdf 
• Narvaez, D. (2008). Human flourishing and moral development: Cognitive and neurobiological perspectives on virtue development. In L. Nucci & D. Narvaez (Eds.), Handbook of moral and character education. (pp. 310-327) Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.nd.edu/~dnarvaez/documents/NarvaezFlourishing2008.pdf
• Narvaez, D. (2008). Triune ethics: The neurobiological roots of our multiple moralities. New Ideas in Psychology, 26, 95-119.  Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.nd.edu/~dlapsle1/DSG/DSG%20News_files/Narvaez%20Triune%20Ethics%20Proof2.pdf
• Narvaez, D. & Lapsley, D. (2008). Teaching moral character: Two strategies for teacher educators. Teacher Educator, 43, 156-172. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.nd.edu/~dlapsle1/Lab/Articles%20&%20Chapters_files/Teaching%20Moral%20Character%20Two%20Strategies%20for%20Teacher%20Education.pdf
• Vessels, G., & Huitt, W. (2005). Moral and character development. Paper presented at the National Youth at Risk Conference, Savannah, GA, March 8-10. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/chardev.pdf 

V. Personal Style

• Bandura, A. (1999). A social cognitive theory of personality. In L. Pervin & O. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality (2nd ed., pp. 154-196). New York: Guilford Publications. (Reprinted in D. Cervone & Y. Shoda [Eds.], The coherence of personality. New York: Guilford Press.) Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/Bandura1999HP.pdf
• Huitt, W. (1992). Problem solving and decision making: Consideration of individual differences using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Journal of Psychological Type, 24, 33-44. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/prbsmbti.html
• Huitt, W. (2004). Self-concept and self-esteem. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/topics/regsys/self.html
• Swann, W., Chang-Schneider, C., & McClarty, K. (2007). Do people’s self-views matter? American Psychologist, 62(2), 84-94. Retrieved September 2009, from http://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/HomePage/Faculty/swann/docu/swaampsy.pdf
• van Zomeren, M. (2008, April 22). Complementing individualism with the social identity approach. In-Mind, 6. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.in-mind.org/issue-6/complementing-individualism-with-the-social-identity-approach.html
• Self-report Instruments:
• Values in Action: Inventory of Strengths: from Positive Psychology (Martin Seligman): http://www.viastrengths.org
• Jung Typology Test: http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-win/JTypes2.asp
• Learning style online: http://www.learning-styles-online.com/
• Index of Learning Styles Questionnaire: http://www.engr.ncsu.edu/learningstyles/ilsweb.html

VI. Cognitive/Reasoning Development

• Bhattacharya, K. & Han, S. (2001). Piaget and cognitive development. In M. Orey (Ed.), Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Athens, GA: University of Georgia. Retrieved September 2009, from http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Piaget%27s_Constructivism
• CIGNA Behavioral Health. (n.d.). Say something positive: How self-talk affects your attitude. Retrieved September 2009, from http://apps.cignabehavioral.com/web/basicsite/consumer/educationAndResourceCenter/articleLibrary/body_mind15.pdf
• Gardner, H. (2003). Multiple intelligences after twenty years. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, Illinois, April 21. Retrieved September 2009, from http://pzweb.harvard.edu/PIs/HG_MI_after_20_years.pdf
• Huitt, W. (n.d.). Affirmation statement: Becoming a Brilliant Star. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/brilstar/affstate.pdf
• Lutz, S., & Huitt, W. (2003). Information processing and memory: Theory and applications. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/infoproc.pdf 
• Lutz, S., & Huitt, W. (2004). Connecting cognitive development and constructivism: Implications from theory for instruction and assessment. Constructivism in the Human Sciences, 9(1), 67-90. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/cogdev.pdf
 
• Quartz, S., & Sejnowski, T. (1996). The neural basis of cognitive development: A constructivist manifesto (Draft). Behavioral & Brain Sciences, Target article preprint. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.bbsonline.org/documents/a/00/00/04/93/bbs00000493-00/bbs.quartz.html
• Ryan, S. (2007). Wisdom. Stanford, CA: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved September 2009, from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/wisdom/
• Winn, W., & Snyder. D. (2001). Cognitive perspectives in psychology. In D. Jonasson (Ed.), The Handbook of Research for Educational Communications and Technology. Bloomington, IN: The Association of Communications and Technology. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.aect.org/edtech/ed1/pdf/05.pdf

VII. Affective/Emotional Development

Overview

• Baumeister, R. F., Vohs, K. D., DeWall, C. N., & Zhang, L. (2007). How emotion shapes behavior: Feedback, anticipation, and reflection, rather than direct causation. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 11, 167-203. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.psy.fsu.edu/~baumeistertice/pdfmail.php [Provide email address and select this article; PDF file will be emailed]
• Brett, A., Smith, M., Price, E., & Huitt, W. (2003). The affective domain. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.psycinteracitve.org/brilstar/chapters/affectdev.doc
• de Sousa, R. (2003). Emotion. In E. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved September 2009, from http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2003/entries/emotion/

Positive Affect and Happiness

• Fredrickson, B., & Branigan, C. (2005). Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought-action repertoires. Cognition and Emotion, 19, 313-332. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.unc.edu/peplab/publications/Fredrickson_Branigan_2005.pdf
• Fredrickson, B., & Losada, M. (2005). Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American Psychologist, 60(7), 678-686. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.unc.edu/peplab/publications/human_flourishing.pdf
• Kashdan, T., Biswas-Diener, R., & King, L. (2008). Reconsidering happiness: The costs of distinguishing between hedonics and eudaimonia. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(4), 219-233. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.intentionalhappiness.com/articles/reconsidering_happinesses_jopp.pdf
• Otake, K., Shimai, S., Tanaka-Matsumi, J., Otsui, K, & Fredrickson, B. L. (2006). Happy people become happier through kindness: A counting kindnesses intervention. Journal of Happiness Studies, 7, 361-375. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.unc.edu/peplab/publications/2006happypeople.pdf

Body, Brain, and Neuroscience

• Amaral, J., & de Oliveira, J. (2002). Limbic system: The center of emotions. Brain & Mind. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.cerebromente.org.br/n05/mente/limbic_i.htm
• Colombetti, G., & Thompson, E. (2007). The feeling body: Towards an enactive approach to emotion. In W.  Overton, U. Müller, & J. Newman (Eds.), Body in mind, mind in body: Developmental perspectives on embodiment and consciousness. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Retrieved September 2009, from http://individual.utoronto.ca/evant/FeelingBody.pdf
• Rameson, L. T., & Lieberman, M. D. (2009). Empathy: A social cognitive neuroscience approach. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3(1), 94-110. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.scn.ucla.edu/pdf/Rameson(2009).pdf

Childhood and Adolescence

• Denham, S., & Weissberg, R. (2003). Social-emotional learning in early childhood: What we know and where to go from here. In M. Bloom & T. P. Gullotta (Eds.), A blueprint for the promotion of prosocial behavior in early childhood. New York: Kluwer/Academic Publishers. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.casel.org/downloads/SELearlychildhood.pdf
• Fredericks, L. (2003). Making the case for social and emotional learning and service-learning. Cooperative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning. Retrieved September 2009, from http://ecs.org/clearinghouse/44/04/4404.pdf
• Goldman, D. (2007). Selling SEL [Video interview recorded at CASEL Forum]. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edutopia.org/daniel-goleman-sel-video
• Peth-Pierce, R. (2000). A good beginning: Sending America's children to school with the social and emotional competence they need to succeed. Bethesda, MD: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.casel.org/downloads/goodbeginning.pdf

VIII. Conative/Volitional Development

• Bandura, A. (1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American Psychologist, 44, 1175-1184. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/Bandura1989AP.pdf
• Bandura, A. (1991). Human agency: The rhetoric and the reality. American Psychologist, 46, 157-162. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/Bandura1991AP.htm 
• Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71-81). New York: Academic Press. (Reprinted in H. Friedman [Ed.], Encyclopedia of mental health. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998). Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/BanEncy.html
• Duckworth, A., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Self-discipline outdoes IQ in predicting academic achievement of adolescents. Psychological Science, 16(12), 939-944. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~duckwort/images/PsychologicalScienceDec2005.pdf
• Fischer, K., & Bidell, T. (2005). Dynamic development of action, thought, and emotion. In R. Lerner (Ed.), Theoretical models of human development (6th ed., Vol. 1). New York: Wiley. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~ddl/articlesCopy/FischerBidellProofsCorrected.0706.pdf
• Gerdes, K., & Stromwall, L. (2008). Conation: The missing link in the strengths perspective. Social Work, 53(3), 233-242. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.kolbe.com/info_center/Gerdes_ConationArticle_April2007.pdf
• Howard, M. (2002). Educating the will: Part I: Spirit will and ethical individuality. Research Bulletin, 7(1). Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.waldorflibrary.org/Journal_Articles/RB7103.pdf
• Huitt, W. (1999). Conation as an important factor of mind. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/topics/regsys/conation.html [Overview]
• Huitt, W., & Cain, S. (2005). An overview of the conative domain. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/conative.pdf  [In-depth]

IX. Social Development

• Broderick, P. C., & Blewitt, P. (2006). The role of school in the social world of adolescence. Excerpt from P.C. Broderick & P. Blewitt, The life span: Human development for helping professionals (323-325). Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.education.com/reference/article/role-school-social-world-adolescence/
• Brophy, J. (1996). Enhancing students' socialization: Key elements. Urbana, IL: ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education, from ED395713]. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/files/stdtsocial.html
• Goleman, D. (2007). Social intelligence: The new science of human relationships [Video]. Presentation at GoogleTalks. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hoo_dIOP8k
• Goodman, R., & Gurian, A. (2000). Friends and friendships. New York: NYU Child Study Center. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.aboutourkids.org/articles/friends_friendships
• Jacobs, G., & Cleveland, H. (1999). Social development theory. Napa, CA: International Center for Peace and Development. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.icpd.org/development_theory/SocialDevTheory.htm
• Kihlstrom, J., & Cantor, N.  (2000). Social intelligence. In R.J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of intelligence, 2nd ed. (pp. 359-379) [Draft]. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved September 2009, from http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~kihlstrm/social_intelligence.htm
• McClellan, D., & Katz, L. (1993). Young children's social development: A checklist. Urbana, IL: ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education, from ED356100]. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/files/socialdev.html
• Rhodes, M. (2002, August). Building bridges of friendship: With this cross-curricular unit, children build skills as they connect with a class of new friends. Instructor. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0STR/is_1_112/ai_90316930

X. Awareness and Consciousness

• Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822-848. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.psych.rochester.edu/SDT/documents/2003_BrownRyan.pdf
• Chalmers, D. (1995). Facing up to the problem of consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2(3), 200-219. Retrieved September 2009,  from http://consc.net/papers/facing.html
• Charlton, B. (2000). Evolution and the cognitive neuroscience of awareness, consciousness and language [Appendix]. In B. Charlton, Psychiatry and the human condition. Oxford, UK: Radcliffe Medical Press. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.hedweb.com/bgcharlton/awconlang.html
• Colzato, L., van den Wildenberg, W., & Hommel, B. (2008). Losing the big picture: How religion may control visual attention. PLoS ONE, 3(11), e3679. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0003679
• Gale Group. (2001). Consciousness. Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology ( 2nd ed.). Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2699/is_0000/ai_2699000073/print
• Gangadean, A. (2004). Awakening global consciousness: Why it is vital for cultural sustainability. kosmos, III(2), 24-25, 44. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.awakeningmind.org/downloads/globalawakening.pdf
• Goleman. D. (2009). Using ecological intelligence. Interview on Bill Moyers Journal, PBS. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.danielgoleman.info/blog/video/
• Krippner, S. (2004). "All mind? No matter": The self-regulation paradigm. The International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 23. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.transpersonalstudies.org/ImagesRepository/ijts/Downloads/All%20Mind%20No%20Matter%20The%20Self-Regulation%20Paradigm.pdf
• Schain, R. (2003). Metaphysics and the problem of existence. Philosophy Pathways, 58. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.philosophos.com/philosophy_article_50.html
• Solari, A. Solari, I., & Petraiole, P. (2004). The scientific basis for the development of human consciousness. Episteme. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.scipool.com/pdf/doc200410140087.pdf
• Taylor, J. B. (2008, February). My stroke of insight. Presentation at the Technology, Entertainment, and Design Conference. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/view/id/229
• Taylor, S. (2005). The sources of higher states of consciousness. The International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 24. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.transpersonalstudies.org/ImagesRepository/ijts/Downloads/The%20Sources%20of%20Higher%20States%20of%20Consciousness.pdf
• Wilber, K. (1997). The spectrum of consciousness: Integral psychology and the perennial philosophy. The Order of Time. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.theorderoftime.com/science/sciences/articles/spectrumofcons.html