• Seifert & Sutton (2011). pp. 8-20
• Yero, J. (2002). The meaning of education. Teacher's Mind Resources. Retrieved from http://www.teachersmind.com/pdfdirectory/Education.PDF
• ASCD. (2011). Making the case for educating the whole child. Alexander, VA: Author.  Retrieved from http://www.wholechildeducation.org/assets/content/WholeChild-MakingTheCase.pdf

Optional

• Mang, P. (2005, Spring). What is education for? Independent School Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.regenesisgroup.com/pdf/wief.pdf
• Seligman, M. (2008, August 8). Positive education and the new prosperity: Australia's edge. Education Today. Retrieved from http://www.minniscomms.com.au/educationtoday/articles.php?articleid=148
• Diamond, A. (2010). The evidence base for improving school outcomes by addressing the whole child and by addressing skills and attitudes, not just content. Early Education and Development, 21(5), 780-793. Retrieved from http://www.devcogneuro.com/Documents/The%20evidence%20base%20for%20improving.pdf

• Boyd, D. (2004). The characteristics of successful online students. New Horizons in Adult Education, 18(2). Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/~aed/horizons/volume18no.2Spring2004.doc
• Rivera, B., & Rowland, G. (2008). Powerful e-learning: A preliminary study of learner experiences. Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 4(1). Retrieved from http://jolt.merlot.org/vol4no1/rowland0308.htm

• Seifert & Sutton (2011): pp. 340-364

• Tapscott, D. (2010). Grown up digital and the transformation of learning. Presentation at the annual ASCD conference. Retrieved from http://dontapscott.com/2011/03/grown-up-digital-and-the-transformation-of-learning/
• Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants. On The Horizon, 9(5). Retrieved from http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/prensky%20-%20digital%20natives,%20digital%20immigrants%20-%20part1.pdf
• Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants, Part II. Do they really think differently? On The Horizon, 9(5). Retrieved from http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/prensky%20-%20digital%20natives,%20digital%20immigrants%20-%20part2.pdf
• Dede, C. (2005). Planning for neomillenial learning styles. Educause Quarterly, 28(1). Retrieved from http://www.educause.edu/EDUCAUSE+Quarterly/EDUCAUSEQuarterlyMagazineVolum/PlanningforNeomillennialLearni/157325

Optional

• Davis, M. (2011, June 15). Schools struggle to balanced digital innovation, academic accountability. Education Week: Digital Directions. Retrieved from http://www.edweek.org/dd/articles/2011/06/15/03innovation.h04.html
•  Hartman, J., Moskal, P., & Dziuban, C. (2005). Preparing the academy of today for the learner of tomorrow. In D. Oblinger, and J. Oblinger (Eds.), Educating the Net Generation. Boulder, CO: Educause. Retrieved from http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/pub7101f.pdf
• Thompson, C. (2011, July15). How Khan Academy is changing the rules of education. Wired Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.wired.com/magazine/2011/07/ff_khan/all/1

• Wolfs, F. (1996). The scientific method: Appendix E. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://teacher.nsrl.rochester.edu/phy_labs/AppendixE/AppendixE.html
• Dimsdale, T., & Kutner, M. (2004, December). Becoming an educated consumer of research: A quick look at the basics of research methodologies and design. Paper presented at the Meeting of the Minds Practitioner-Researcher Symposium, American Institutes for Research, Sacramento, CA. Retrieved from http://www.air.org/files/Becoming_an_Educated_Consumer_of_Research.pdf
• Wenglinsky, H. (2002, February 13). How schools matter: The link between teacher classroom practices and student academic performance. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 10(12). Retrieved from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n12

Optional

• Raudenbush, S.W.  (2002).  Identifying scientifically-based research in education. Invited speaker at the Scientifically Based Research Seminar, U.S. Department of Education, Washington DC, February. Retrieved from http://www.ssicentral.com/hlm/techdocs/ScientificallyBasedResearchSeminar.pdf
• Coalition for Evidence-Based Policy. (2002). Bringing evidence-based policy to education: A recommended strategy for the U. S. Department of Education. Washington, DC: Council for Excellence in Government. Retrieved from http://www.excelgov.org/usermedia/images/uploads/PDFs/coalitionFinRpt.pdf
• Waits, M. J., Campbell, H., Gau, R., Jacobs, E., Rex, T., & Hess, R. (2006). Why some schools with Latino children beat the odds...while others don't. Phoenix, AZ: Arizona Board of Regents. Retrieved  from http://www.beattheoddsinstitute.org/pdf/FAZ502_LatinEd_final.pdf

• Seifert & Sutton (2011): 21-24
• Baxter, J. (2004). Human defined: The choicemaker. Retrieved from http://www.choicemaker.net/choicemaker.htm

Optional

• Grissom, J. B. (2004). Age and achievement. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 12(49). Retrieved from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v12n49/
• Jekielek, S., & Brown, B. (2005). The transition to adulthood: Characteristics of young adults ages 18 to 24 in America. Baltimore, MD: Kids Count. Retrieved from http://www.prb.org/pdf05/TransitionToAdulthood.pdf
• Wayman, J. (2001). Factors influencing GED and diploma attainment of high school dropouts. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 9(4). Retrieved from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v9n4/

• Darling-Hammond,L., Austin, K., Orcutt, S., & Rosso, J. (2001). How people learn: Introduction to learning theories. Stanford, CA: Stanford University, College of Education. Retrieved from http://www.stanford.edu/class/ed269/hplintrochapter.pdf
• Conner, M. (2002). A primer on educational psychology. Retrieved from http://marciaconner.com/resources/edpsych/

• Cassidy, S. (2004). Learning styles: An overview of theories, models, and measures. Educational Psychology, 24(4), 419-444. Retrieved from http://www.acdowd-designs.com/sfsu_860_11/LS_OverView.pdf

Optional

• Felder, R. (1996). Matters of style. ASEE Prism, 6(4), 18-23. Retrieved from http://www2.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/Papers/LS-Prism.htm
• McKeachie, W. (1995). Learning style can become learning strategies. The National Teaching & Learning Forum, 4(6), 1-4). Retrieved from http://www.ntlf.com/html/pi/9511/v4n6.pdf

• Seifert & Sutton (2011): 24-28
• Hauser, L. (2006). Behaviorism. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/b/behavior.htm
• Vockell (2006): Chap 10: Behavior modification: reinforcement; http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy10/edpsy10intro.htm

Optional

• Centre for Psychology. (1999). Behaviorism tutorial. Athabasca, Alberta, CA: Athabasca University, from http://psych.athabascau.ca/html/Behaviorism/
• Cunia, E. (2005). Behavioral learning theory. Principles of Instruction and Learning: A Web Quest. Retrieved from http://erincunia.com/portfolio/MSportfolio/ide621/ide621f03production/behavior.htm
• Vockell (2006): Chap 11: Behavior modification: eliminating and controlling behaviors; http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy11/edpsy11intro.htm

• Vockell (2006): Memory and information processing (Chap 6); http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy10/edpsy10intro.htm  http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy6/edpsy6_intro.htm
• Vockell (2006): Teaching thinking skills (Chap 7); http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy7/edpsy7_intro.htm
• Seifert & Sutton (2011): facilitating complex thinking pp. 177-202

Optional

• Cunia, E. (2005). Cognitive theory. Principles of Instruction and Learning: A Web Quest. Retrieved from http://erincunia.com/portfolio/MSportfolio/ide621/ide621f03production/cognitive.htm
• McGowan, K. (2009, August 3). How much of your memory is real? Discover Magazine. Retrieved  from http://discovermagazine.com/2009/jul-aug/03-how-much-of-your-memory-is-true/article_print

• Seifert & Sutton: pp. 34-35
• Krathwohl, D. (2002). A revision of Bloom's taxonomy: An overview. Theory Into Practice, 41(4), 212-218. Retrieved from http://www.unco.edu/cetl/sir/stating_outcome/documents/Krathwohl.pdf

Optional

• Forehand, M. (2005). Bloom's taxonomy: Original and revised. In M. Orey (Ed.), Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Athens, GA: University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt

• Blakey, E., & Spence, S. (1990, November). Developing metacognition. ERIC Digest. (ERIC NO.: ED327218). Retrieved from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/files/metacogn.html
• Sheets, R. (2004). Learning your way.: A metacognitive approach to study strategies. Phoenix, AZ: Maricopa Community College. Retrieved from http://www.pvc.maricopa.edu/~sheets/lmw/index.htm

Optional

• King, L. (2001). Metacognitive skills for teenagers: Developing intellectual capital. Paper presented at the Ninth International Conference on Thinking, Auckland, New Zealand, January. Retrieved from http://www.breakthroughs.co.nz/bt/King.pdf

• Seifert & Sutton (2011): pp. 44-47
• Seifert & Sutton (2011): pp. 27-34
• Vockell (2006): Piaget (Chap 4) http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy4/edpsy4_piaget.htm ; http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy4/edpsy4_stages.htm

Optional

• Bhattacharya, K. & Han, S. (2001). Piaget and cognitive development. In M. Orey (Ed.), Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Athens, GA: University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://www.coe.uga.edu/epltt/piaget.htm
• Ginn, W. (1995, July 10). Jean Piaget: Intellectual development. Clear Lake, TX: University of Houston-Clear Lake. Retrieved from http://129.7.160.115/inst5931/piaget1.html

• Alpay, E. (2003). The contribution of Vygotsky's theory to the contribution of our understanding of the relation between the social world and cognitive development. London: Imperial College. Retrieved from http://www.imperial.ac.uk/chemicalengineering/common_room/files/PsychEd_5.pdf

Optional

• Dahms, M., Geonnotti, K., Passalacqua, D., Schilk, J. N., Wetzel, A., & Zulkowsky, M. (2008). The educational theory of Lev Vygotsky: An analysis. In G. Clabaugh (Ed.). New Foundations. Philadelphia: Author. Retrieved from http://www.newfoundations.com/GALLERY/Vygotsky.html

• Seifert & Sutton: pp. 46-51
• Aloni, N. (1999). Humanistic education. In P. Ghiraldelli, Jr., M. Peters, & S. Accorinti, Encyclopedia of Philosophy of Education. Retrieved from http://www.educacao.pro.br/humanistic_education.htm
• Schaber, P., Wilcox, K., Whiteside, A., Marsh, L., & Brooks, D. C. (2010). Designing learning environments to foster affective learning: Comparison of classroom to blended learning. International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 4(2). Retrieved from http://academics.georgiasouthern.edu/ijsotl/v4n2/articles/PDFs/_Schaber_et_al.pdf

Optional

• Hiemstra, R., & Brockett, R. (1994). From behaviorism to humanism: Incorporating self-direction in learning concepts into the instructional design process. In H. B. Long & Associates, New ideas about self-directed learning. Norman, OK: Oklahoma Research Center for Continuing Professional and Higher Education, University of Oklahoma. Retrieved from http://home.twcny.rr.com/hiemstra/sdlhuman.html
• Cohen, J. (2006). Social, emotional, ethical, and academic education: Creating a climate for learning, participation in democracy, and well-being. Harvard Educational Review, 76((2), 201-237. Retrieved from http://nyscenterforschoolsafety.org/Cohen.pdf/a>
• Astleitner, H. (2000). Designing emotionally sound instruction: The FEASP-approach. Instructional Science, 29(3), 169-198. Retrieved from http://www.uni-salzburg.at/pls/portal/docs/1/316245.DOC Watson, M. (2004). A curriculum of care. Greater Good, 1(1), 14-17. Retrieved  from http://peacecenter.berkeley.edu/watson_spring04.pdf

• Vockell (2006): Observational learning (Chap 12): http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/edpsy12/edpsy12intro.htm
• Cunia, E. (2005). Social learning theory. Principles of Instruction and Learning: A Web Quest. Retrieved from http://erincunia.com/portfolio/MSportfolio/ide621/ide621f03production/social.htm

• Pajares, F. (2002). Overview of social cognitive theory and of self-efficacy. Retrieved from http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/eff.html
• Zimmerman, B. (1995) Self-regulation involves more than metacognition: A social cognitive perspective. Educational Psychologist, 30(4), 217-221. Retrieved from http://www.unco.edu/cebs/psychology/kevinpugh/motivation_project/resources/zimmerman95.pdf

Optional

• Pajares, F. (2007). Culturalizing educational psychology. In F. Salili & R. Hoosain (Eds.), Culture, motivation and learning: A multicultural perspective [19–42]. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing. Retrieved from http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/Pajares2007Culturalizing.pdf
• Ramírez-Esparza, N., Gosling, S., Benet-Martínez, V., Potter, J., & Pennebaker, J. (2006). Do bilinguals have two personalities? A special case of cultural frame switching. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(2), 99-120. Retrieved from http://lpnhe-d0.in2p3.fr/bassler/bilinguals_two_personalities.pdf

• Seifert & Sutton: Overview pp. 106-133
• Seifert & Sutton: Maslow, pp. 51-53
• Vockell (2006): Motivating students to learn (Chap 5); http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy5/edpsy5_intro

Overview

• Darling-Hammond, L. (2000). Teacher quality and student achievement: A review of state policy evidence. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 8(1). Retrieved from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n1/
• Glass, G. (2002). Teacher characteristics. In A. Molnar, School reform proposals: The research evidence. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing. Retrieved from http://www.asu.edu/educ/epsl/EPRU/documents/EPRU%202002-101/Chapter%2008-Glass-Final.pdf
• Gordon, R., Kane, T., & Staiger, D. (2006). Identifying effective teachers using performance on the job. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institute. Retrieved from http://www.brookings.edu/views/Papers/200604hamilton_1.pdf
• Rice, J. (2003). Teacher quality: Understanding the effectiveness of teacher attributes. Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute. Retrieved from  http://www.epinet.org/content.cfm/books_teacher_quality_execsum_intro

Teacher Efficacy

• Protheroe, N. (2008, May/June). Teacher efficacy: What is it and does it matter? Principal. Retrieved from http://www.naesp.org/resources/1/Principal/2008/M-Jp42.pdf
• Tschannen-Moran, M., & Woolfolk Hoy, A. (2001). Teacher efficacy: Capturing and elusive concept. Teaching and Teacher Education, 17, 783-805. Retrieved from http://www.coe.ohio-state.edu/ahoy/AERAEfficacy Measure.pdf

Optional

• Fives, H. (2003). What is teacher efficacy and how does it relate to teachers’ knowledge? A theoretical review. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL. Retrieved from http://www.education.umd.edu/EDHD/faculty2/Alexander/ARL/fives2003.doc

• Monetti, D., Hummel, J., & Huitt, W. (2006). Educational psychology principles that contribute to effective teaching and learning. International Journal of Arts & Sciences, 1(1), 22-25. Retrieved from http://openaccesslibrary.org/images/Man1_137-2005Final_1_1_22-25.pdf

• Carroll, J. (1984). The model of school learning: Progress of an idea. In L. Anderson (Ed.), Time and school learning. Beckenham, Kent, UK: Croom Helm. Retrieved  from http://books.google.com/books?

• Berliner, D. (1990). What's all this fuss about instructional time? In The nature of time in schools: Theoretical concepts, practitioner perceptions. New York: Teachers College Press. Retrieved from http://courses.ed.asu.edu/berliner/readings/fuss/fuss.htm
• Vockell (2006): Using time effectively (Chap 2): http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy2/edpsy2_intro.htm

• Seifert & Sutton (2011): classroom communication pp. 154-176

• Seifert & Sutton (2011): Planning instruction pp. 202-214
• Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2002). Learning for the 21st century. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/downloads/P21_Report.pdf

Optional

• Hummel, J. Monetti, D., & Huitt, W. (2008, January). The role of task analyses in effective instruction. E-pedagogium, 35-47. Retrieved  from http://www.upol.cz/fileadmin/user_upload/PdF/e-pedagogium/E-pedagogium_1-2008-vytvorene_exportem.pdf
• Lemke, C., and others. (2003). 21st Century skills: Literacy in the digital age. Naperville, IL: North Central Regional Educational Laboratory. Retrieved from http://www.ncrel.org/engauge/skills/skills.htm

• Vockell (2006): processes of learning and instruction (Chap 3): http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy3/Edpsy3_intro.htm
• Seifert & Sutton (2011): pp. 224-228

Direct Instruction

• Valiathan, P. (2009). Direct instruction works: The benefits of expository e-learning. Singapore: Knowledge Platform. Retrieved from http://www.knowledgeplatform.com/Content/Pdfs/direct_instruction.pdf
• Rosenshine, B. (1997). Advances in research on instruction. In J. W. Lloyd, E. J. Kameanui, and D. Chard (Eds.). Issues in educating students with disabilities. (Chapter 10, 197-221). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Retrieved from http://olam.ed.asu.edu/barak/barak.html
• Rosenshine, B. (2006). Five meanings for direct instruction. Lincoln, IL: Center on Innovation & Improvement. Retrieved from http://www.centerii.org/search/Resources%5CFiveDirectInstruct.pdf

Invitational Instruction

• Tomlinson, C. (2002). Invitations to learn. Educational Leadership, 60(1). Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/readingroom/edlead/0209/tomlinson.html

Constructivism

• Duffy, T., & Cunningham, D. (2001). Constructivism: Implications for the design and delivery of instruction. In D. Jonasson (Ed.), The Handbook of Research for Educational Communications and Technology. Bloomington, IN: The Association of Communications and Technology. Retrieved from http://www.aect.org/Intranet/Publications/edtech/07/index.html
• Educational Broadcasting Corporation. (2004). Constructivism as a paradigm for teaching and learning. Retrieved from http://www.thirteen.org/edonline/concept2class/constructivism/index.html
• Educational Broadcasting Corporation. (2004). Inquiry-based learning. Retrieved from http://www.thirteen.org/edonline/concept2class/inquiry/index.html
• Gagnon, G., Jr., & Collay, M. (2006). Constructivist learning design notes (with template). Retrieved from http://www.prainbow.com/cld/cldn.html
• Mahoney, M. (2003). What is constructivism and why is it growing? Handout at the 8th International Congress of Constructivism & Psychotherapy held in Bari, Italy, June. Retrieved from http://www.constructivism123.com/What_Is/What_is_constructivism.htm
• Wilson, B. (1997). Reflections on constructivism and instructional design. In C. Dills and A. Romiszowski (Eds.), Instructional development paradigms [63-80]. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications. Retrieved from http://carbon.ucdenver.edu/~bwilson/construct.html

Connectivism

• Siemens, G. (2004). Connectivism: A learning theory for the digital age. elearnspace: everything elearning. Retrieved from http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/connectivism.htm
• Siemens, G. 2005. Connectivism: Learning as network creation. elearnspace: everything elearning. Retrieved from http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/networks.htm

Optional

• Deubel, P. (2003). An investigation of behaviorist and cognitive approaches to instructional multimedia design. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia,12(1), 63-90. Retrieved from http://www.ct4me.net/multimedia_design.htm
• Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2006). Results that matter: 21st century skills and high school reform. Tucson, AZ: Author. Retrieved from http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/documents/P21_report.pdf
• Pearlman, B. (2010). Designing new learning environments to support 21st century skills. In J. Bellanca, & R. Brandt (Eds.), 21st century skills: Rethinking how children learn (pp. 116-147). Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree Press. Retrieved from http://files.solution-tree.com/pdfs/Reproducibles_21CS/chap6_designing_new_learning_environments.pdf

• Seifert & Sutton (2011): Differentiated instruction and response to intervention pp. 215-223
• Dillon, J. T. (1997). Using diverse styles of teaching. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 30(5), 503-514. Retrieved from http://faculty.ed.uiuc.edu/westbury/JCS/VOL30/dillon.html
• Tomlinson, C. (1999). Mapping a route toward differentiated instruction. Educational Leadership, 57(1). Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/pdi/demo/diffinstr/tomlinson2.html
• Johnson, D., & Johnson, R. (2009). An overview of cooperative learning. Retrieved from http://www.co-operation.org/?page_id=65

• Seifert & Sutton (2011): pp. 134-153
• Cregor, M. (2008, Fall). The building blocks of positive behavior. Teaching Tolerance, 18-21. Retrieved from http://www.pbis.org/common/cms/documents/Staff/staff%20training%20materials/The%20Building%20Blocks%20of%20Positive%20Behavior%20TT.pdf
• Cummings, C. (2000). Seeking self-discipline (Chapter 1). Winning strategies for classroom management. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/ed_topics/2000cummings/chapter1.html

Optional

• Bluestein, J. (2007). Industrial-age classrooms vs. information-age classrooms. Excerpted and adapted from Bluestein, J. (1999). 21st Century Discipline (Rev. ed.).  Grand Rapids, MI. McGraw-Hill Children's Publishing. Retrieved from http://www.janebluestein.com/handouts/info_age.html

• Hummel, J., & Huitt, W. (1994, February). What you measure is what you get .GaASCD Newsletter: The Reporter, 10-11. Retrieved from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/wymiwyg.pdf
• Seifert & Sutton (2011): teacher-made assessment strategies pp. 233-267
• Brookhart, S. (1999). The art and science of classroom assessment: The missing part of pedagogy. Washington, DC: ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education. ED432938. Retrieved from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/files/artsciassess.html
• McMillan, J. (2000). Fundamental assessment principles for teachers and school administrators. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 7(8). Retrieved  from http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=7&n=8

Optional

• Stiggins, R. (2008). Assessment FOR learning, the achievement gap, and truly effective schools. Presentation at the Educational Testing Service and College Board conference, Educational Testing in America: State Assessments, Achievement Gaps, National Policy and Innovations, Washington, DC, September 8. Retrieved from http://www.ets.org/Media/Conferences_and_Events/pdf/stiggins.pdf
• Frary, R. (1995). More multiple-choice item writing do's and don'ts. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 4(11). Retrieved from http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=4&n=11
• Ash, K. (2011, June 15). E-portfolios evolve thanks to web 2.0 tools. Education Week: Digital Directions. Retrieved  from http://www.edweek.org/dd/articles/2011/06/15/03e-portfolio.h04.html
• Moskal, B. (2000). Scoring rubrics: What, when and how? Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 7(3). Retrieved  from http://ericae.net/pare/getvn.asp?v=7&n=3
• Roos, B., & Hamilton, D. (2004). Toward constructivist assessment? Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Nordisk Forening for Pedagogisk Forskning (NFPF), Reykjavik, March 10-14. Retrieved from http://onlineassessment.nu/onlineas_webb/products/NERA_paper_040217.pdf

• Seifert & Sutton (2011): pp. 268-294
• Bond, L. (1996). Norm- and criterion-referenced testing. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 5(2). Retrieved from http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=5&n=2
• Monetti, D., & Hinkle, K. (2005, March). It’s that time of year again: Tips for interpreting norm-referenced tests. The Tipster, 3(3), 1, 4. Retrieved from http://www.teacherresourcebank.com/LotusWebs/NewsLetters/March05Tipster.pdf

Optional

• American Educational Research Association. (2000). AERA position statement concerning high-stakes testing in PreK-12 education. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from http://www.aera.net/about/policy/stakes.htm
• Bauer, S. (2000). Should achievement tests be used to judge school quality? Educational Policy Analysis Archives, 8(46). Retrieved  from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n46.html
• Braun, H. (2004, January 5). Reconsidering the impact of high-stakes testing, Education Policy Analysis Archives, 12(1). Retrieved from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v12n1/v12n1.pdf
• Alliance for Excellent Education. (2008). How does the United States stack up? International comparisons of academic achievement. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from http://www.all4ed.org/files/IntlComp_FactSheet.pdf